It covers the chemistry and technology of oligopolyol fabrication, the characteristics of the various oligopolyol families and the. Polyurethane chemistry is complex, but the basics are relatively easy to understand. Polymers polymers are the giant molecules of chemistry. Chemistry and technology of polyols for polyurethane. In the 1950s the rubber, and particularly the tire industry, encouraged their colleagues in the chemical plants to make polyurethane elastomers feasible for rubber. Thermoplastic polyurethanes tpus offer exciting possibilities for. Note however, that in figure 6, propylene oxide may be produced by three different routes. The two liquids produce a colloidal foam that expands 1520 times its original volume.
Segura purtechnology centre of excellence, wolfson school of mechanical and manufacturing engineering, loughborough university, loughborough, leicestershire, le11 3tu, uk diana segura received her bsc 2002 in chemical engineering. Define polymer and list some common uses of polymers. This barcode number lets you verify that youre getting exactly the right version or edition of a book. Monomers are repetitive units that form a larger compound. How polyurethane is made material, production process, making. A guide to thermoplastic polyurethanes tpu huntsman corporation. Otto bayer in leverkusen, germany invented the first polyurethane elastomer in 1937. Principles of colloid and surface chemistry, second edition, revised and expanded, paul c. Student polymers notes and activities relating to f324. Materials for polyurethane dispersionsillustrations, black and white, drawling, on screen text,whiteboard. Ethyl carbamate historically used as a cancer fighting drug, but found to cause cancer itself.
Novel technology to influence hardness of flexible polyurethane. In these figures, ancillary operations have been omitted as have some of the minor additions to the process chemistry. Scott the hanson group llc 340 hurstbourne lane, suite 210 duluth, georgia 30097 usa. Polyurethanechemistry presentation by carol z on prezi. Polymers are important to be familiar with in physical science, and this quizworksheet will help you assess your understanding of their forms and characteristics. Their basic chemical building blocks are identical and processing individuality is derived from molecular weight and terminal endgroup functionality. Flexible polyurethane foams are one of the most important classes of cellular plastic and can be applied in the. Spray polyurethane foam accreditation program on the basis of established industry criteria.
Materials for polyurethane foam are available from flinn scientific, inc. Chapter 3 chemistry of polyurethane adhesives and sealants. Poly a is a darkcolored polyol that is mixed with the honeycolored poly b, and isocyanate, to create a polyurethane foam. Synthetic polymers, like polyurethane, are produced by reacting monomers in a. Description c0335 polyurethane foam system a0009 acetone.
Fundamentals of polymer chemistry pdf 48p download book. Identify features you would look for to help classify a polymer as an addition polymer to condensation polymer. Highsolids coatings based on polyurethane chemistry. The versatility of polyurethane chemistry makes it possible to produce elastollan over a wide range of rigidity. Matter and change 41 states of matter class activity comparing solids and liquids purpose students construct models of a solid and liquid. You will be quizzed on the purpose of polymers, patterns in polymers and the relationship between monomers and polymers. The answers to the questions are available on separate worksheets so you can fill them out and then check your work. Usually located on the bottom of the package, this number is code for the specific type of plastic youre holding. Masters programme biobased materials get to know all about biobased. Cbse worksheets for class 1 contains all the important questions on maths, english, hindi, moral science, social science, general knowledge, computers and environmental studies as per cbse syllabus. Investigations on the adhesion of polyurethane foams on. While highly branched pep result in rigid pu with good heat and chemical resistance, less branched pep give pu with good flexibility at low temperature and low chemical resistance. Materials foam balls or miniature marshmallows procedure use figure 2.
Problems in chemistry, second edition, revised and expanded, henry o. Pharos is a tool to help scientists, researchers, and product innovators identify problematic chemicals and collaborate to find safer alternatives. The figure represents the polyurethane tree, pointing out the wide range of materials with different characteristics, that can be produced with the modern polyurethane chemistry pu properties are strongly dependent upon the chemical nature of the basic components, their relative abundance and synthesis and processing conditions. Harris wright state university, dayton, oh 45435 polymers are extremely large molecules that are essential to our very existence. Xudongfeng executive director institute for molecular engineering university of chicago agenda polyurethane chemistry introduction applications chemistry and socioeconomic impact innovation in pu chemistry polyurethane isocyanate emissions and. Reactions and polymers worksheet home science tools. Nonisocyanate polyurethanes yesterday, today and tomorrow pdf. A constant air stream of 480 lh is forced to flow through a 5 cm thick sheet of the. Monomers and polymers worksheet option 1 part 1 all macromolecules are polymers made up of monomers. Synthesis and characterization of a polyurethane prepolymer for the. These may involve purification and chemical processing before use in polyurethane applications. Synthetic polymers are a mainstay of modern life, but nature also makes polymers.
The polymeric materials known as polyurethanes form a family of polymers which. Worksheet in which students are given some information about a polymer and they need to complete other facts, such as the monomer name and draw the repeating units andor the polymer formula. They are a main constituent of our food starch, protein, etc. It presents the details of oligopolyol synthesis, and explains the chemical and. Gassan new polyols made by glycolysis from pur and pir rigid foam scrap and their applications. The group formed by the reaction between the two molecules is known as the urethane linkage. Polymers synthetic 1 thermoplastics plastics linear, some cross linking can be melted and reformed on heating a amorphous no ordered structure b semi crystalline compo sed of microscopic crystallites domains of crystalline structure. Because a variety of diisocyanates and a wide range of polyols can be. Michael krebs studied chemistry at the university of stuttgart, germany. This book considers the raw materials used to build the polyurethane polymeric architecture. Chapter 3 chemistry of polyurethane adhesives and sealants d. The physical properties, as well as the chemical structure, of a polyurethane depend on the structure of the original reactants, in particular the r 1 and the r 2 groups.
Review foam manufacturers installation instructions for safety recommendations. It covers the chemistry and technology of oligopolyol fabrication, the characteristics of the various oligopolyol families and the effects of the oligopolyol structure on the properties of the resulting polyurethane. This is a chemical reaction that produces a change in color and state, emits an odor, and releases heat. Physicochemical analysis of flexible polyurethane foams. This is a collection of chemistry worksheets in pdf format. Introduction the versatility of polyurethane chemistry permits the production of a great variety of materials such depending on the initial ingredients used in the synthesis1. Use this worksheet as a fun activity to reinforce the basic chemistry concepts of chemical reactions and polymers.
Sensitivity of heat of reaction for polyurethane foams. Nowadays, the chemical industry is looking for sustainable. The small buildingblock molecules are called monomers. Pdf polyaddition using isocyanate and polyol forms polyurethane elastomer. Castable polyurethanes represent only a small portion of the overall polyurethane industry made by mixing several ingredients, introducing into a mold, and heat curing at temperatures 100c the curing process operates by extending chains of a prepolymer made from a macro diol and a diisocyanate the full mechanical properties of the urethane are not realized until a posturing.
Remote work advice from the largest allremote company. Inorganic polymer chemistry pdf 30p this note covers the following topics. The first of these is the subject of the latest rapra handbook. Look at the image below to familiarize yourself with monomer and polymer structure. Polyurethane elastomers presently exist in three basic groups classified on the basis of their processing characteristics and identified as liquids, millable rubber and thermoplastic elastomers. Pdf on aug 1, 2017, arunima reghunadhan and others published polyurethane. The result is a hardened, lightweight polyurethane foam. Polyurethane chemistry was first studied by the german chemist, friedrich bayer. Versatile materials and sustainable problem solvers. Introduction plastics are identified by numbers 1 through 7. Basics of polyurethane familiarize yourself with the basics of chemistry taught in our polyurethanes academy. Use a venn diagram to compare and contrast addition and condensation polymerization reactions. Introduction to polyurethanes although the reaction between isocyanate and hydroxyl compounds was originally identified in the 19th century, the foundations of the polyurethanes industry were laid in the late 1930s with the discovery, by otto bayer, of the chemistry of the polyaddition reaction between diisocyanate and diols to form.
D shimadzu scientific instruments, columbia, md analyzing chemical composition of rigid polyurethane pu foams using ftir microscopy and driftsir 2. Pdf synthesis and properties of polyurethane elastomers. Kids can color the page and then determine whether each picture is a polymer, a reaction, or neither. Cbse worksheets all classes and all subjects printable worksheets for cbse class 1. A tricky problem focusing on using a pv nrt calculation to establish the pressure in a heel cushion. Polyurethane pur and pu is a polymer composed of organic units joined by carbamate. Chemistry council or any member companies assume any liability or responsibility for any use or misuse, or the results of such use or misuse, of any information, procedure, conclusion, opinion, product, or process disclosed in this guidance. The physical properties, as well as the chemical structure, of a polyurethane. It is the essential part of the polyurethane molecule. Analyzing chemical composition of rigid polyurethane pu foams using ftir microscopy and driftsir 1. The sheet of polyurethane is known as a bun because it rises like dough. An introduction to the chemistry of polyurethane rubbers. The properties of pu also depend upon the degree of crosslinking as well as molecular weight of the starting pep. Chemistry raw materials processing application properties subsequent edition by gunter oertel editor 5.
Addition polymers and polyesters worksheet teaching. A video of the polyurethane foam activity, presented by bob lewis, is available in preparation of polymers, part of the flinn scientificteaching chemistry elearning video series. The course materials are offered for educational and training purposes only and without any representation or warranty, express or implied, by spfa as to the quality of performance of the products used or. Chemical equations chemical equations are concise representations of chemical reactions. Analyzing chemical composition of rigid polyurethane pu. The chemistry of polyurethane elastomers robert czeiszperger anderson development company. Polyurethanes are formed by reacting a polyol an alcohol with more than two reactive hydroxyl groups per molecule with a diisocyanate or a polymeric isocyanate in the presence of suitable catalysts and additives. Addition polymers the addition polymers are formed by the repeated addition of monomer molecules possessing double or triple bonds, e. The unique reactive principle of polyurethane chemistry is the iso cyanate function, r nc0, which is adaptable to virtually any thinkable polymer application. Sensitivity of heat of reaction for polyurethane foams dennis pau1, charles fleischmann1, michael spearpoint1, and kaiyuan li2 1 department of civil and natural resources engineering, university of canterbury, christchurch 8140, new zealand 2 state key lab of fire science, university of science and technology of china.
1591 380 751 1285 1293 1565 373 638 1472 391 1214 1549 891 1197 743 672 1003 627 1183 585 1024 213 409 261 536 1405 192 615 1468 259 19 45 1344 143 483 1145 762 597 525 102